Research Question - A statement of what you wish to know about some unsatisfactory situation (Wildemuth pg.12). The research question will help you clarify your goals in research and serve at the motivation for your work.
Hypothesis - A conjectural statement of the relation between two or more variables (Wildemuth pg. 33). The research itself is designed to test the truth of the statement.
Williamson:
Tasked-based Research - Research that focuses on the scrutiny of specific tasks. It's not a research methodology, and it's been designed to utilize multiple research methods. This is normally done through observations, user studies, and interviews and from working experience with systems and people. (Williamson pg. 83)
Evaluative Research - A type of applied research that's primary goal is to test the application of knowledge within a specific program or project. Evaluative research usually have large numbers of uncontrolled variables and are carried out in real settings. (Williamson pg. 74)
Patten:
Modified replication - Replication of a hypothesis with some major modifications while using an improved measurement technique. (Patten pg. 31)
Strict replication - Strict replication occurs when you try to mimic all the major respects of to see if the original results re-occur. (Patten pg. 31)
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